а) A3 ⟶ A4, D4 ⟶ D7, E5 ⟶ E9;
4A3 = 3A4
7D4 = 4D7
9E5 = 5E9
б) G8 ⟶ G3, L9 ⟶ L12, M21 ⟶ M14;
3G8 = 8G3
4L9 = 3L12
2M21 = 3M14
в) Q11 ⟶ Q4, R6 ⟶ R15, T5 ⟶ T8;
4Q11 = 11Q4
5R6 = 2R15
8T5 = 5T8
г) Xn ⟶ Xm, Ya ⟶ Y2a, Z3b ⟶ Zb.
mXn = nXm
2Ya = Y2a
Z3b = 3Zb